Scientists say they are on the verge of solving one of the great mysteries of black holes – the black hole paradox that has baffled theoretical physicists for nearly 50 years. Several recent papers offer groundbreaking insight that these scientists can at least be confident that information can indeed escape from a black hole. To exaggerate a bit, if a person falls into a black hole, instead of permanently disappearing, they might even come out.
According to Einstein’s theory of relativity, nothing can escape from a black hole. If matter falls into a black hole, the information it carries disappears. But this is at odds with quantum theory, which refers to “conservation of information”, in which information does not disappear but only transforms.
Now the latest theory suggests that for some types of black hole, what is thrown into it will be spat out. Scientists have performed many complex calculations over the years to get this result.
To illustrate where this theory came from, scientists began with a very basic question about the universe: Is the reality we see a representation of matter at its most basic level?
The question sounds as esoteric as philosophical and Buddhist theory, and the researchers explain it in plain terms. For example, in the computer we are using, what appears on the screen is not the basic unit and essence of the computer, but the form built up by layers of architecture: it is presented by the program, under which there is the operating system, the hardware system, and finally the current pulse signal can be tracked all the time.
Some scientists believe that the human eye sees the physical world in a similar way, that we don’t see the world as it really is. Black holes are a classic example.
Black holes are unlike most familiar objects, and scientists think that the way an object falls into a black hole can reveal a lot about the so-called “real world”.
“In a sense, if space-time could be torn apart by a black hole, it means that space-time is not the basis of this layer of reality, but the manifestation of a deeper architecture.” “Einstein’s theory also deals with the dissipation of space and time, the possibility that eventually information may escape the clutters of gravity,” Said George Musser, an associate professor at the University of Pennsylvania’s Quanta Magazine.
Now, scientists have come up with a more specific theory that black holes have all-consuming mechanisms when they are young, but that they may reverse them when they are very old. “This black hole goes from a hidden kingdom to a dynamic, open system.” A “very old” black hole could look like this, Musser said.
It can also be understood that a black hole is like a mailbox at the corner of a street, constantly receiving letters until one day the mailbox is full and it begins to spit them out.
If ancient black holes do have such a mechanism for spitting out objects, scientists could learn how black holes absorbed them before. But the studies say no conclusive findings have been made.
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