Many old friends complained to Hua Zi that they had to come to the hospital for several times a year. Every time they came to the hospital, they had to spend hundreds and thousands of money. Even if they could reimburse part of the expenses, they felt unbearable. Hua Zi told them that it is not difficult to “save money by going to the hospital less”, as long as they understand the “core knowledge” of health. Not only can you have a good health, but also can save a lot of money to see a doctor.
Lifestyle
1, nutrition should be balanced: the metabolic rate of the elderly is low, eat more than can be used up, will cause the burden of the body, become a “hotbed” of various chronic diseases, so every meal can be full of seven or eight. But nutrition should be comprehensive, do not recommend a vegetarian diet.
The recommendations are as follows: limit salt to 3 to 6 grams per day and cooking oil to 25 grams. 300 grams of dairy products; 120~200 grams of fish, meat and eggs; Vegetables 300~500 grams; Fruit 200~350 grams; Rice noodles 250~400 grams; Coarse grain and soybean 50~150 grams; Potato 50~100 grams; Nuts 25 to 35 grams; Drink 1500-2000 ml water.
2, maintain moderate exercise: “old people do not rely on muscles and bones for energy”, the elderly should avoid strenuous exercise, according to their own conditions and hobbies, choose light and moderate exercise. Exercise for no less than 30 minutes each time and no less than 5 times a week. Take care to protect yourself from falls and injuries during exercise.
- Quit smoking and limit alcohol consumption: For long-term smokers, it takes 15 years to quit smoking before the prevalence rate drops to the same as that of non-smokers. So for smokers, the sooner they quit, the better. Alcohol should be consumed sparingly. Alcohol intake should not exceed 25 grams per day for men and 15 grams per day for women, preferably without alcohol.
4, maintain good sleep: the elderly should develop regular sleep habits, “work with the sun, and sleep at sunset”, do not stay up late, do not get up too early, to comply with the law of nature, to ensure adequate sleep time.
Self-Care
- Self-measurement of blood pressure: The blood pressure of the elderly with normal blood pressure should be measured once a month. If your bp exceeds 140/90mmhg, seek immediate medical attention. People who already have high blood pressure need to take blood pressure medicine regularly, measure or follow the doctor’s advice every day, and keep a good record, which can be used as the basis for doctors to adjust the treatment plan when they go to the doctor, so as to avoid detour in treatment.
- Self-measurement of blood glucose: The elderly with normal blood glucose should be measured every 1 to 2 months. In addition to fasting blood glucose, they should also pay attention to the monitoring of blood glucose 2 hours after meals. If fasting blood glucose exceeds 6.1mmol/L, or blood glucose exceeds 7.8mmol/L 2 hours after meal, seek medical advice immediately. People with diabetes should pay attention to the combination of diet control and exercise when using hypoglycemic drugs. Blood glucose should be measured 2 to 4 times a week or follow the doctor’s advice.
- Oral health care: timely repair of dental caries and filling of lost teeth, and maintain normal chewing function. Gargle after meals, brush your teeth in the morning and evening, use dental floss and toothpick wisely, and have an oral examination every six months.
- Protect the bones and joints: Control the body weight, avoid excessive physical exercise, reduce the pressure on the bones and knees of the lower limbs, so as to slow the degenerative changes of the knees. In good weather more sun, can make the skin synthesis vitamin D, promote calcium absorption. Older people who already have osteoporosis can take vitamin D and calcium supplements under the guidance of a doctor.
9, pay attention to mental health: keep a good attitude, learn to self-guidance, avoid anger. If there is an increase in amnesia, cognitive decline and other conditions, it is necessary to check in time to prevent the occurrence of Alzheimer’s disease.
Coping with Disease
- Be alert to stroke: In case of limb weakness on one side, mouth tilting to one side when laughing, blurred vision in one side of the eye, slurred speech, dizziness, nausea and other symptoms, be alert to stroke and immediately call the emergency number “120”. If stroke occurs, the maximum “golden time” of rescue is no more than 6 hours, be sure to choose the nearest hospital, capable of rescuing the acute stroke attack.
11, be alert to myocardial infarction: the typical symptoms of myocardial infarction is chest pain, the performance of pain, compression, accompanied by fidget and sweating. But in some people, the symptoms are atypical. Pain radiates to the left shoulder, left arm, back, jaw, abdomen, or even a toothache. So when the body has unexplained pain, to see a doctor as soon as possible, it is necessary to call the “120” emergency number.
- Rational drug use: Many elderly people suffer from hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and other chronic diseases, which will not pose too great a threat to their health if they keep regular drug use. However, if the drug is not reasonable, it may lead to ineffective treatment and even drug-induced diseases.
Therefore, the elderly must take drugs under the guidance of the doctor, do not change the dose of drugs, or increase or decrease the variety of drugs. Read the instructions before taking the drug to understand the side effects. Consult your doctor or pharmacist if any side effects occur during medication use.
13, regular physical examination: knowing health knowledge can make us “go to the hospital less”, but not “not to go to the hospital”. Many important tests, such as blood lipids, uric acid, gastroenteroscopy, color doppler ultrasound, CT, liver and kidney function, can only be done in the hospital. The body does not have a problem, annual check-up can. However, patients with diseases and during the period of medication need to go to the hospital for regular physical examination according to the actual situation.
- Carry a health emergency card: When the elderly go out, it is recommended to carry a health emergency card. Write your name, age, illness, long-term medication, emergency contact, home address, and other items on the card. In the event of an accident or lost, easy to first aid and look for family members.
In the end, everyone will grow old and the health of the elderly needs more attention. Let the elderly learn the core health knowledge, have a healthy body, to enjoy a good life in old age.
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