Few people know Yan Baohang today, but he was very famous in those days. Born in Haicheng, Liaoning Province, Yan Baohang studied at the University of Edinburgh in the United Kingdom. He was a close friend of Zhang Xueliang, who served as commander in chief of the Northeast Security Forces and later deputy commander of the Army, Navy and Air Force of the Republic of China. He was a popular person around Chiang Kai-shek, chairman of the Military Commission of the Republic of China, and his wife Soong Mei-ling.
Because of his close ties to the highest levels of the Republic of China, Yan was courted by the Chinese Communist Party, and was later secretly promoted by its leader, Zhou Enlai, to become a member of the Communist Party, where he was responsible for gathering strategic intelligence. After the establishment of the Communist Party of China, Yan Baohang has been working very low-key for the party, neither an “establishment” nor a “capitalist roaders”. However, during the decade-long Cultural Revolution, Yan Baohang’s family was persecuted by the Communist Party and three of them were forced to die.
Tortured to death by the CCP
On the evening of November 7, 1967, at the age of 72, Yan Baohang was snatched away by several men who rushed into the room just after returning home from the CPPCC and had not had time to eat a bowl of noodles that had been set on the table. His wife, Gao Su, hurried after him, calling his name. He turned around and whispered, “Report to Premier Zhou as soon as possible,” before disappearing into the night. Yan Baohang is taken as “the northeast gang defections to the enemy counterrevolutionary group” important member of arrest.
Yan Baohang was later sent to Qincheng Prison, where he was code-named “Counterrevolutionary Criminal 67100” — the 100th convict arrested in 1967. No. 67124 was his youngest son, Yan Mingfu, then 36 years old. Yan Mingfu was held in Qincheng Prison for seven and a half years.
On the night of May 22, 1968, after being interrogated by punches and kicks, Yan Baohang fell unconscious and was sent to Beijing Fuxing Hospital, the designated hospital of Qincheng Prison, in the early morning. According to one worker, when Yan Baohang was carried in, he was just placed behind a bench in the waiting room of the main hall. No one came to rescue him for a long time. That night, Yan Baohang died without a family member.
In the report of Yan Baohang’s death, Jiang Qing, deputy head of the Central Cultural Revolution Group and Mao Zedong’s wife, wrote that Yan Baohang was a current counter-revolutionary, and did not inform his family, leaving his ashes and relics. In 1973, the Central Task Force reported to the Central Committee that “Yan Baohang is a Kuomintang spy with solid evidence”. From the time of Yan’s arrest until his death, Zhou Enlai, the Chinese premier whom he trusted most, did not speak in his behalf.
Collect strategic intelligence for the CCP
While working alongside Chiang Kai-shek and Soong Mei-ling, Yan made many friends and knew a lot of high-level secrets. Such people are naturally the key targets of the Communist Party. Zhou Enlai, the Communist Party leader, devoted much attention to him. Yan was finally moved by Zhou Enlai’s rhetoric and secretly joined the Communist Party in 1937, on Zhou’s recommendation.
In the spring of 1941, in Chongqing, Zhou Enlai talked to Yan Baohang and told him that the Communist International and the Soviet Communist Party hoped that the CCP would introduce CCP members to help them gather information. After Zhou Enlai studies with Dong Biwu, Li Kenong and Ye Jianying, he thinks Yan Baohang is most suitable for this job. Zhou Enlai issued the command to collect international information to Yan Baohang in person, and by Soviet embassy attache Luo Shen explained to him the scope of the task, specific requirements. Luo Shen asked Yan Baohang to set up a radio station in order to establish direct contact. The scope of information collection included all military, political and diplomatic developments of Chiang Kai-shek himself and the Kuomintang, as well as economic, cultural and other aspects. At that time Dong Biwu gave Yan Baohang a radio station, located in Beibei, the interpreter is the eldest daughter Ming Shi Yan Baohang.
From the spring of 1941 to the surrender of Japan in 1945, Yan Baohang completed many secret missions assigned by Zhou Enlai, the most important of which was the acquisition of two particularly important pieces of strategic information.
First, we got the information that Nazi Germany attacked the Soviet Union on or about June 20, 1941.
In early May 1941, Gui Yongqing, Kuomintang military attache in Germany, reported to Chiang Kai-shek that “Nazi Germany has decided to attack the Soviet Union within a week around June 20.” One day, Yan Baohang attended a small banquet given by senior Kuomintang officials. The atmosphere was very warm. Yan Baohang met Kuomintang elder statesman Yu Youren and asked him why they were so happy. Yu Jiren leaned in his ear and whispered to him that Germany was going to attack the Soviet Union soon, probably a week or so around June 20.
After receiving this great news, Yan Baohang was very excited inwardly, but kept his cool outwardly. He asked Sun Ke, son of Sun Yat-sen, if the news was true. Sun Ke replied, “Chairman (Chiang) told me personally.” After confirming this message, yan baohang excuses ahead of schedule exited the wine party, after coming home, pass Li Zhengwen of member of traffic of the Communist Party of China immediately sent out this top secret information. On June 16, Mao Zedong, the supreme leader of the Communist Party of China, reported this information to the Communist International and transferred it to Stalin, general secretary of the Communist Party of Russia Central Committee. Shortly thereafter, the Soviet military attache in Chongqing, Luo Shen, told Yan Baohang, ‘Your information is very important. Stalin knows about you.’ On June 30, the Soviet Communist Party called the Communist Party of China to thank it for providing information about Hitler’s attack on the Soviet Union. “Thanks to your accurate information,” the cable said, “we were able to declare a state of emergency in the Soviet army before the German attack.”
Second, it obtained all the classified materials of The Japanese Kwantung Army in the northeast.
In 1944, Chen Cheng, the military and political minister of the Kuomintang, gave Yan a mission to find out whether Japan would attack the Soviet Union. Niu Xianming, deputy director of the third office of the Kuomintang military commission, is the brother-in-law of Yan Baohang’s old friend Ning Encheng, and the third office of the military commission is in charge of the combat system, the Japanese intelligence that each department of the Kuomintang reconnoitres at that time, all gather to the third office. Therefore, on the grounds of Chen Cheng’s order, Yan Baohang asked Niu Xianming to see the materials about the Japanese Kwantung Army in the northeast. Niu Xianming gave it to Yan Baohang very happily, but asked him to return it within 3 days.
This material includes the Japanese Kwantung Army in the northeast of the deployment, fortification plan, fortress location, arms, numbers, names of generals and other confidential. After Yan Baohang got it, he immediately reported to the delegation of the Communist Party of China in Chongqing. Zhou Enlai saw it and immediately ordered the CCP Southern Bureau in Chongqing to take pictures and send them to Yan ‘an. The Communist Party of China immediately informed the Soviet Union after gathering information from all sides. On August 9, 1945, when the Soviet Red Army fired the first shot at the Japanese Kwantung Army, the Soviet commanders at all levels had in their hands detailed information about the entire Kwantung Army. Within a week, the Japanese Kwantung Army was wiped out.
Has dealt with the dignitaries
After “918” incident in 1931, as one of the main staff of general zhang xueliang, Yan Baohang has been appointed to Chiang kai-shek and zhang xueliang initiative and lead the secret agency – “four d society”, the director of Chiang and soong mei-ling “always” new life movement, director-general of the national government military commission chairman line camp, major-general senate, political department design committee of the kuomintang military commission, the design of mobilization committee of chongqing city committee, the central relief committee, national government capital fundraising bond movement, director, director of the chongqing strike committee of dhi group leader. In addition, he also held important posts in Datong Bank and Daming Company, and was a director of the Sino-Soviet Friendship Association and other non-governmental organizations.
Because Yan Baohang special relationship with Chiang kai-shek, soong mei-ling, zhang xueliang, plus he is good at making friends, is deep the KMT elders Yu You, sunke, soong ching ling feng yuxiang, he xiangning, Shao Lizi, etc., often with the temporary, soong, li-fu Chen, dai, Xu Enzeng, royal ZhongHan party, political, military, such as between the top brass.
Killed by the Communist Party of China
After the Communist Party seized power on Oct. 1, 1949, Yan served as deputy director of the General Office of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and director of the Department of Communications. In 1959, at the age of 64, Yan Baohang felt unable to bear the heavy work of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, so he resigned voluntarily and went to work at the Committee of Cultural and Historical Data of the CPPCC National Committee. Before the outbreak of the Cultural Revolution, he collected and collated nearly 2,000 pieces of literature and history materials, totaling more than 15 million words.
After the Communist Party of China came into power, Yan Baohang was a low-key, introverted person, to help the Communist Party of China in the past to engage in “strategic intelligence” matter rarely mentioned, just honestly do his job. But Yan Baohang, who did and did not do much for the Communist Party during the decade of the Cultural Revolution, was also doomed. It was especially tragic that Yan Baohang, who had made great contributions to the Communist Party’s conquest of the three provinces in Northeast China, was even labeled as a member of the “Northeast Gang, a rebellious counterrevolutionary group that defected to the enemy” and was put into prison and persecuted to death.
The whole family was persecuted by the Communist Party
After Yan Baohang was captured, Gao Su, Yan’s wife, who was praised by Zhou Enlai as “our good sister-in-law and good mother of the revolution” for many times, became a “counter-revolutionary family member” overnight. After Yan Baohang’s salary is frozen, high element broke source of living at a stroke, the life is very difficult. In 1971, Gao Su died of lung cancer.
From 1938, Yan Baohang sent his four children to Yan ‘an, the Communist Party stronghold. During the Cultural Revolution, the four children were all in order: the eldest daughter, Yan Mingshi, was regarded as “the biggest spy in Anshan City” was criticized, was beaten to death, and was sent to rural labor reform. The eldest son, Yan Mingxin, described as a “strategic spy” sent by Yan Baohang to Yan ‘an, was placed under quarantine, expelled from the army and sent to work in the Helan Mountains for reform. The second son, Yan Mingzhi, was one of the first Russian experts after the founding of the Communist Party of China. He translated many important documents concerning the Soviet Union in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Communist Party of China. In the Cultural Revolution, was isolated after the review, devolved to Hunan rural labor reform. One night in the criticism meeting, sudden heart pain, soon died of illness.
Yan Mingfu, the youngest son, once served as the head of the translation team of the General Office of the CPC Central Committee, and translated Russian for Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Liu Shaoqi, Deng Xiaoping, Chen Yun and other CPC leaders. On November 17, 1967, Yan Mingfu was arrested by the spy of “Li Tong Foreign Country” and put into Qincheng Prison.
In his later years, Yan wrote: “The ten-year disaster brought great disaster to our family. Our family was destroyed and displaced. Fathers, mothers, second brothers, siblings and their loved ones who survived the death are also traumatized beyond expression.”
conclusion
Yan Baohang so the force of the whole family helped the person of the Communist Party of China heart and soul, old age is the Communist Party of China when a traitor, spy, counterrevolution, die alive, the whole family follow suffer. The death of Yan Baohang is a good example of the ingratitude of the Chinese Communist Party, which has burned Bridges and killed donkeys.
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