Two days before New Year’s Day, Army General Xu Shuzheng finally failed to survive the year 1925. He was killed at gunpoint in Langfang, Hebei.
In a subsequent post, Lu Chengwu, a major general, said: “Xu has a sinister disposition and a base personality, which has led to civil unrest… Let heaven and earth, my late father JianZhang had slightly too, should have thief xu miserably harm, hate of countrymen and sworn, fixed time with 剸 blade revenge for my arms.”
“Now I depend on the spirit of my ancestor in heaven, so that the traitors have no escape. On the 29th of this month, Xu attacked and killed his father in Langfang, taking the public anger of xue people as revenge for his father’s death…”
Seven years ago in the early summer, Lu’s father, lu Jianzhang, a former army inspector from Shaanxi province, was invited by Xu to a banquet at the Fengjun Headquarters in Tianjin. He was shot dead without trial and later declared that he “incited the army to unite the bandits”. The case was eventually dropped.
At that time, Xu Shuzheng was still powerful. The great President Xu Shichang was called “Big Xu”, while he was called “Little Xu”, one of the two famous “Xu” in military and political circles. As undersecretary of the army, Xu Shuzheng was the no. 1 figure around Premier Tuan Chi-jui, while Lu Jianzhang was already a retired warlord with no real power, even though he was on the verge of a comeback.
Seven years later, Xu Shuzheng is like Lu Jianzhang in those days.
He was wanted in 1920 after the Zhi-Wan War. After several ups and downs, he went to Europe and The United States in 1924. He had just returned home 20 days before he was shot. Mr Lu’s nephew and son-in-law, Feng Yuxiang, gained strength after the Beijing coup a year ago.
On December 30, 1925, Xu Shuzheng was shot with a gun while passing through the langfang area controlled by Feng Yuxiang.
1
On December 6, 1925, Xu Shuzheng finished his political and industrial investigation in Europe, America and Japan and landed in Shanghai on the morning of December 10.
Prior to his return, the media reported on his trip. in view of the guangdong military director Hong Zhaolong just shot, in order to prevent Xu Shuzheng was also assassinated by the enemy, Jiangsu special representative Xu Yuan also specifically notify the British, French rent the total police station, please send a competent detective to protect along the way, and song Hu police yan director sent a military band in a row at the port of Xinguan welcome.
Xu’s last trip abroad was to Japan. A few days ago, Xu Shuzheng gave a parting message, saying, “I arrived in Your country on November 26 on a special mission made by duan to investigate the political and economic conditions in Europe, America and Japan. I had planned to stay for one month. However, due to the changing situation in your country, the situation is too urgent for me not to make an early assessment.”
Xu shuzheng hurried back from Japan, apparently with the goal of participating in domestic politics in mind.
In late November, guo Songling, a general in the Fengdepartment, conspired with Feng Yuxiang’s national army and defected. In early December, he was still winning the war against Zhang Zuolin. However, Duan Qirui, as an interim ruler, was now bogged down in internal affairs and was unable to extricate himself, even the cabinet reshuffle was blocked by numerous obstacles.
Clearly, Tuan Chi-jui was trying to bring back the resourceful and ruthless Xu Shu-zheng to help turn things around.
In November 1918, xu Shuzheng was made a general in the army at the age of 39. In November 1918, xu Shuzheng was made a general in the army at the age of 39.
On the morning of October 10, Xu Shuzheng’s friends in Shanghai sailed to the Bailianjing Dalai Pier in Pudong to greet him. The flagpole was planted with Chinese national flags on both sides.
Song Xueqin, director of the five-province allied forces office in Shanghai, Wang Zhiya, deputy chief of the Martial Law Command, and more than 40 Chinese and foreign journalists all came to greet them. The special General Clerk of the Police Office protected the pier with an armed guard of 20 men.
At 9:05, Xu Shuzheng came out of the cabin and greeted the others with a towel. At 9:03, the ship began to dock.
Later, In an interview with the media, Xu said, “From the outside, I think I have a close relationship with the Government in Beijing, but the government and duan’s individuals have to say something different. I have a deep relationship with Duan, and I don’t think there is anyone in China who would be a better head of state than Duan. But when I was in Tianjin last year, I called him several times and asked him to suspend his entry into Beijing. Even if he entered Beijing, conditions must be met, and if all parties can follow suit, he will go. Because of this, I delayed the entrance to Beijing for two weeks, but I felt it was too soon. As for his being referred to as “governing,” I strongly disapprove. I am not ignorant of the simplicity of covenant, but bad law is better than nothing.”
“That is why I advocated the promotion of Duan as president the other day, and that is exactly why. I am not a law student, but I dare not say how the president was made. It is not known whether the parties own the paragraph or not, but Let me just ask who else can support the paragraph?”
As for relations with other countries, Xu said, “As for the international situation, we can ignore it, because China belongs to the Chinese people. Whether there is a good international relationship, we should regard ourselves as our own. The biggest root cause of the Chinese people is that they care only for others and neglect themselves. If every man can rule himself, there can be no rule under heaven.”
Under the grand welcoming ceremony, xu Shuzheng, who had been down and out for many years, also had the ambition to do something big in politics. He had no idea that he would be shot less than a month after his return.
2
According to media reports at the time, At the urging of Duan Qirui’s general commander and chief of transportation gong Xinzhan, Xu Shuzheng left for Tianjin on the afternoon of December 25, 1925 with 11 troops. In the early morning of the following day, he took a special bus to Beijing to meet Duan Qirui.
But according to the chronicle of Mr. Xu Youzheng in the Republic of China, written by Xu Dao-lin, xu Shu-zheng’s son, Tuan Chi-jui telephoned Xu Shu-zheng to ask him to suspend his visit to Beijing because of the chaos in Beijing and Tianjin at that time. Tuan chi-jui’s government was built on the strength of Zhang Zuo-lin and Feng Yu-xiang, but now Zhang and Feng do not cooperate, and Duan is in a dilemma. Around Duan, most of them were close to Zhang Zuolin, but Beijing was under the control of Feng Yuxiang, so many of Duan’s trusted followers felt insecure and advised Xu Shuzheng not to go north.
Xu Shuzheng thought that the investigation back to China, should be restored to life, so he resisted the public opinion.
In fact, The embattled Tuan Chi-jui already planned to leave. According to a publicly reported message, After Being advised by Xu Shuzheng to “not quit based on his own views,” Duan Chi-jui changed the second half of his ruling order to read: “Please call for help from the state-owned side. The Republic will never hold any preconceptions when it comes to government.” He asked the Cabinet to take responsibility and there was no need to retreat.
Xu said that on the afternoon of his father Xu Shuzheng’s departure, Tuan Chi-jui found on his desk a note reading, “Again, it is not feasible. If you do, you will die.” Duan Qirui was very anxious, quickly sent the note to Xu Shuzheng, but Xu Shuzheng did not mind.
It was on his way to Tianjin after visiting Duan Qirui that Xu Shuzheng died an untimely death.
After Xu’s murder, various versions of the rumor flooded the public opinion market. The newspaper initially mistakenly wrote “Lu Chengwu” as “Lu Okinawa” and said that Lu threw a bomb at the scene, “killing Xu Shuzheng and many of his followers on board.” Later, it was reported that when Xu passed langfang that night, “Lu Chengwu led the crowd to order xu to stop, and then he twisted xu down, shot him dead and detained his attendants.”
Another source said that Feng yuxiang’s national army disclosed that after Xu Shuzheng’s death, it was found in the relics of the Beijing-Zhongqirui Department’s plan to unite With Wu Peifu to reverse Feng Yuxiang, including Duan Qirui’s handwriting. In addition, There was a plan for Xu Shuzheng to secretly borrow money from certain countries and unite all parties outside the National Army to support Duan Qirui as president.
But Tuan Chi-jui’s side has denied that.
A day after His death, Dentsu reported that Mr Xu had travelled from Shanghai to Beijing a few days earlier and felt the environment was in danger. On his way back to Tianjin, he was captured in Langfang by Zhang Zhijiang, general of feng Yuxiang’s National army. After Xu tricked Lu into killing him in the winter of 1918, Lu’s eldest son, Lu Chengwu, tried to assassinate Xu, but never got the chance. Lu Chengwu is now the national army staff, it is said that After Xu Shuzheng was captured by Zhang Zhijiang, he said to avenge his father, and said, Xu Shuzheng insidious, if you succeed, will retaliate, kill can avoid trouble.
Xu shuzheng was doomed to die.
3
The truth did not come to light until January 8, 1926, when Wang Liangui, Xu shuzheng’s servant, traveled from Tianjin to Shanghai to report Xu’s death. According to Wang Liangui, before Xu Shuzheng was killed, he and more than a dozen of his retinue arrived at the executive government at 6 PM on December 29 to bid Farewell to Duan Qirui and then boarded the bus at the East Railway Station. At that time, there were a large number of people leaving the bus. Zhu Ruifu, a representative of the executive government, and GUI Maolin, secretary of the Police Department of the Capital, and others rode with Xu to Tianjin. After Xu said goodbye to the man, the special bus drove off at about 6:30.
It was only an hour and a half from Beijing to Langfang. Unexpectedly, the military vehicles along the way were very busy, thus delaying the arrival of langfang station until midnight. Xu Shuzheng was tired and went to bed in the car. Suddenly there was a man who called himself Huang, chief of staff of the garrison command. He called himself Zhang Zhijiang and praised him.
Huang said, “Commander, please get off the bus for a talk. Before Xu could finish his answer, there are a lot of soldiers with pistols. They rush to get on the bus and say, ‘Tie up, tie up, tie up’.”
Xu was placed in solitary confinement in one room, and all the attendants were detained in one room by two persons. About twenty minutes later, the attendants heard two shots and thought it must be Xu Shuzheng who had been killed.
Wang said that he did not expect that at about 10 am on December 30, the army would release all the prisoners. When they walked out of the commander department, they caught a glimpse of Xu Shuzheng’s body lying on the ground, only in his underwear, looking extremely miserable. None of them dared to come forward to gather them. Later, when the Tuan Chi-jui government heard the news, it dispatched officers to move the bodies to Beijing for burial. Xu Shuzheng’s entourage had been robbed of all their clothes and had to wait for the government to pay sichuan capital before he could take the ferry to Shanghai.
Major-general gunned down Admiral
On New Year’s Day, 1926, a shadow was cast over the death of Xu Shuzheng.
After engaging in the media reaction to see, Lu Chengwu avenged for his father’s statement, in the dissemination of planning on a very successful.
An author signed “Juan” (zhou Shoujuan, chief editor of Shenbao free Talk) wrote an article in the New Year’s Special issue of the famous “Free Talk” column of Shenbao: “The 15th New Year’s Day of the Republic of China has come again… There was nothing to celebrate, nothing to say. On the day before the New Year’s Day, there was another piece of unfortunate news. It was Xu Youzheng, who was assassinated in Langfang. As for Lu Chengwu seven years of hard revenge for his father, but also filial son. Xu shi died and knew, many points also forgive him.”
Although Lu Chengwu made a telegram statement, lead to kill Xu Shuzheng responsibility. But of the various accounts of Mr Xu’s murder, wang Liangui, his accuser, is perhaps the closest to the truth. So 20 years later, Xu’s son, xu Daolin, decided that Feng yuxiang was behind his father’s murder, and it was not unreasonable to file a lawsuit.
Strangely, before Xu Was killed, he also paid Feng Yuxiang several times. Xu Shuzheng received a welcome telegram from Feng Yuxiang before he went north from Shanghai, but he stayed in xu’s house all the time: “Mr. Xu Youzheng: I have received the telegram and then went to the north by sea route. Compound. Brother Feng Yuxiang.”
It is also reported that Xu Shuzheng was supposed to visit Feng Yuxiang in Zhangyuan after visiting Duan Qirui from Shanghai, but he was killed on the way.
According to His son, Xu Daolai, Mr Xu had negotiated with Mussolini over arms loans abroad, which gave him the political credentials to make a comeback – “a big investment for Mr Xu at the time”. The secret was revealed by Xu Shuzheng to only three men, Tuan Chi-jui, Sun Chuanfang and Feng Yuxiang. Half a year before his death, Xu Shuzheng had been in contact with Feng Yuxiang, and sent his former brigade commander, Song Ziyang, to feng Yuxiang.
When they were abroad, Xu and Feng often made telephone calls. Feng called Xu Shuzheng “your seat” in the telegram, claiming to be “your duty” and “asking him to come back and ‘preside over’ and ‘lead’.”
In July and August 1925, when Yang Yuting of feng Department was in charge of Jiangsu province, Xu Shuzheng once issued a long telegram against him. At that time, it was said that this telegram was equal to three divisions’ forces — to attack Fengtian was to help Feng Yuxiang.
By November, The antagonism between Feng Yuxiang and Zhang Zuolin had deepened. Zeng Yujun and Yao Zhen, both close friends, were arrested by Feng Jun one after another, and many people around Tuan Chi-jui fled to the civilian lanes. At that time, people thought That Beijing was dangerous, so they advised Xu Shuzheng not to go north. But Xu Shuzheng and Feng Yuxiang have the above – mentioned bond, so dare to take the risk lightly. Tuan Chi-jui probably also believed that this pact might be useful, so when Xu Shuzheng left Beijing, he did not try his best to stop him, even though he received a severe eight-word warning. Xu Shuzheng left Beijing on December 29, just as he had done four or five days after Guo Songling’s defeat, zhang Zuolin’s department had already won. Xu shuzheng may have feared being trapped in Beijing with Duan Qirui under Zhang Zuolin. Since he was afraid of Zhang Zuolin, of course, he would not suspect Feng Yuxiang.
According to Xu Daolin conjecture, Feng Yuxiang is crucial Xu Shuzheng, basically have 3 reasons.
First, Xu shuzheng signed a cooperation agreement with Mussolini of Italy while abroad, which made Xu grow wings. Now Xu Feng cooperation good, once the confrontation, will be endless trouble, so Feng Yuxiang decided to take advantage of Xu Shuzheng flood dragon has not yet got water, to get rid of the hidden trouble in the future.
Secondly, Xu shuzheng’s anti-Communist attitude at that time was very obvious, while Feng Yuxiang had joined hands with the Communist Party.
The last reason is that Feng Yuxiang is not only Lu Jianzhang’s nephew, but also received his kindness and received his leadership. In the first year of the Republic of Luanzhou independence, Feng Yuxiang was sent back to the homeland, it was Lu Jianzhang who saved him. Later, also relying on the strength of the land, Feng was once again named as a soldier. After that, in 1928 pu Kou stay and wu Point electrification, also all had Lu Jianzhang to plan beside it. So there’s more to Feng Lu than just general nieces and nephews.
In the long legal history of The Chinese Empire, “xiaoyi revenge” has always had a considerable legitimacy. It is by making use of this that Feng Yuxiang interprets the story of Lu Chengwu’s revenge for his father. After that, Zheng Jicheng shot And killed Zhang Zongchang and Shi Jianqiao shot and killed Sun Chuanfang for avenging his father (his father Zheng Jinsheng and subordinates of Feng Yuxiang), and Feng Yuxiang had his shadow behind them.
In addition to “anti-ge general”, “Christ General” and “Cloth general”, Feng Yuxiang may also be worthy of the title of “assassinate general”.
4
On the afternoon of January 3, it was said that Tuan Chi-jui wanted to issue a military truce order.
The Tuan Chi-jui government was already in turmoil. He had hoped that Xu Shuzheng would help him to maintain the situation in the southeast after he returned to China. However, Xu had no time to put his talents to good use.
An article by a critic under the name “Cold” claimed that Duan Chi-jui had been assassinated and that Guo Songling, who had previously defected to Work with Feng yuxiang, was defeated and killed by Zhang and his son just days before Xu’s death.
Feng Yuxiang soon announced to go to the wild, via the outer Mongolia, quietly to Russia. After Xu Shuzheng’s masterful killing of Feng yuxiang’s uncle, Lu Jianzhang, Zeng Qi intended to defend Xu, but this time he did not even issue any aggressive statements.
According to the Analysis of Daily News, a Japanese media in Shanghai, the assassination of Xu Shuzheng in Tuan Qirui Gu is a great loss and will affect the political struggle in the future. It is a major event that Should be taken seriously by The Chinese political circles.
Xu shuzheng’s trip to Europe and the United States, where he went, was popular. Stay in Tokyo for about 10 days, especially for activities. In addition to paying a visit to the prince regent, he also met with many famous Japanese officials and officials. When meeting with dignitaries from the Japanese foreign ministry, the Army and navy provinces to discuss the current situation in China, the reasons for maintaining the government were stated. He also worked with duan government dignitaries and Sun Chuanfang on e-commerce. And with Feng Yuxiang also often telegram exchanges, once praised feng of the person, when there is criticism of Feng for the red, but also try to defend its.
Xu Shuzheng is versatile and good at writing. Xu Shuzheng is versatile and good at writing.
Xu Shuzheng is a man of unsurpassed energy, domainous vertical and horizontal, often to the gas system, the idea of ling. He was a man of talent rather than of age, more of courage than thoughtlessness. His early fame is here, and it is also the cause of his early death. He is versatile, good at writing, has a wide range of hobbies and likes to study. Although he is a soldier, he is also an excellent scholar. Cruel as he is to his enemy, he is deep to his friend.
The 72nd issue of Shanghai Pictorial, published after Xu’s death, also features his ink blot, with an introduction describing his calligraphy as “truly beautiful”.
In the special edition of New Year’s Day 1926, before xu Shuzheng could forgive Lu Chengwu for being his father’s enemy, “Juan” also praised Xu’s talent: “What about Xu’s political achievements, what about his personality, and what about the crimes of the Republic of China? I leave it at that, but he is very good at literature and art. He can read poems, write articles and compose songs. Lectured on music theory at The University of London, where he had great insight and deserved to be described as “romantic and elegant”. Last spring, he wrote a poem in calligraphy with a screennote as a present. Poetry: Hua huan heaven fell dust, the calendar can not be cold, how many articles for tears. Blow together the violets. I was delighted to get this poem, which had calligraphy like a tree of its own. Now that he’s shot to death, it’s become a kind of souvenir.”
Conclusion:
In the process of recovering the outer Mongolia, Xu Shuzheng had distinguished himself in this sense as a famous patriotic general. But from the perspective of lynching and killing Lu Jianzhang, there is no doubt that he was a warlord who used excessive force.
Feng Yuxiang made people shot Xu Shuzheng, which has the factors for uncle revenge, but also to guard against its political strategy to stage a comeback. Two senior generals in the Republic of China secretly wanton killing, evidence is clear, but in the end there is always no suspense to escape the legal sanctions, the victim prominent so it is inevitable such an outcome.
In 1933, eight years after Xu was killed, Feng Yuxiang went to live in Tai ‘an. According to Xu Daolin, Xu shuzheng’s son, Shandong provincial president Han Fujun also sent someone to contact him, offering to help him avenge his death. Xu refused in the name of “unwilling to be lu Chengwu and a filial son under a false name”.
Xu Daolin endured to the end of the war of Resistance, want to use legal means to bring Feng Yuxiang, Zhang Zhijiang to justice. But it didn’t work out.
The vendetta of military and political officials is only sketching a jungle scene with no rule of law to the outside world. From the shooting of Lu Jianzhang to the shooting of Xu Shuzheng, the two generals died in revenge for selfish interests, which is just a cycle of fighting evil with evil outside the legal framework.
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