The war heroic Tuo Tuo
In 422 A.D., Emperor Ming Yuan of Northern Wei Dynasty made Tuo Tao the crown prince and appointed him to oversee the country. Emperor Ming Yuan took cold food for a long time to become immortal, so that the toxicity slowly onset, died in November 423 at an early age. 15-year-old Crown Prince Tuo Tuo succeeded to the throne smoothly and became the third emperor of the Northern Wei Dynasty, was the Emperor Tai Wu. Tuoba showed extraordinary heroic qualities. After he took over the throne, ambitious, keen on martial arts, opened a horse-training base, set up a strong cavalry team. He was the first to fight in the war, like the wind, like lightning, invincible, known as the “grassland storm”.
In the north, the Johan Khan took advantage of the death of Emperor Ming Yuan of Northern Wei, bullying the newly crowned Northern Wei Emperor Tuo Tuo young, sent 60,000 iron cavalry into the plug, the army in one fell swoop into the Northern Wei capital Shengle, the Northern Wei capital city Pingcheng emergency. Perhaps the newborn calf is not afraid of tigers, only sixteen years old Tuo Tuo instead some excitement, without the court of ministers to discuss what, directly cloaked in armor, leading a small number of the capital’s guard army to the front line.
In fact, Tuo Tuo is not young and exuberant, but has a plan, as early as his twelve years old, Tuo Tuo will go to the Great Wall to defend the Hetao against the invasion of the Rohan, a small child even put the border military affairs tidy up sound. At this time only 16 years old, Tuo Tuo personally led the troops north to fight, Tuo Tuo contrary to the tactical style of careful and cautious when his father fought against the strong enemies in the north, led the department to attack the central army of the Zoran Khan, due to the disparity in strength between the two sides, surprisingly surrounded by the Zoran army more than 50 circles. The soldiers of Northern Wei saw that the other side was strong, the army was in turmoil, but Tuo Tuo was calm, in the face of danger, bravely killed the enemy, the Northern Wei soldiers were inspired by the commander in chief, began to actively fight and kill, and shot the front of the Johan, the Johan leader saw the situation was not good, rushed to retreat. Tuoba commanded the team and persistently searched for the remnants of Zoran within thousands of miles from Hanhai to the east, from Zhangye to the west and from Yanran to the north.
In the fourth year of the beginning of the light, Tuoba commanded the cavalry of the Northern Wei army to attack the summer capital, Tengwancheng, which is located in the desert on the banks of the Salausu River in the south of the Ordos Grassland, and was the capital of the Great Xia State during the Sixteen Kingdoms of the Northern Dynasty, commonly known as “Baichengzi It was the most famous castle at that time. Cavalry attacking the city? Tuotuo opened an ancient war example. Tuotuo personally led a large army directly to the summer capital city of Tengwan City. Emperor Taiwu, however, did not directly attack the city, but the large army hidden, sent a small number of cavalry to harass outside the city. Helian Chang did not know it was a plan, so he opened the city gates with 30,000 cavalry to attack the city. Tuotuo commanded the cavalry to lure the enemy to chase, while commanding the army from the other side of the attack, the summer army in chaos, Helian Chang fled before he could return to the city. Tuotuo seized the city gate first, and then captured the city of Tongwan, the Great Xia was destroyed. This battle was fought very quickly, and can be described as an example of a plan to take and strong attack, which greatly increased the morale of the Northern Wei soldiers and shocked the neighboring countries.
Ending the rebellion of 16 kingdoms
Seeing the growing strength of Northern Wei, Liu Song dynasty in the south led an army of 100,000 men to invade the north to recover the lost territories in Henan. When winter came and the Yellow River froze, Tuoba mobilized 400,000 troops to break through the defense line and move south after crossing the Yellow River in six ways. The Northern Wei army was well-trained elite cavalry, but the Song army was mostly infantry, which could not resist the impact of the Northern Wei cavalry. In this way, Liu Song’s army was badly beaten and returned, and the Northern Wei recovered all the land in Henan. Then, Tuoba intended to unify the north, and pointed the front of the army to the Northern Yan. Tuo Tao then personally led three major armies to attack Northern Yan. The former Crown Prince Feng Chong and the three brothers Feng Lang and Feng Miao surrendered to Northern Wei because they had no hope for Northern Yan. After that, the Northern Yan capital city of Longcheng was besieged, Feng Wentong had to carry the crown prince to Goguryeo, but was soon killed by Goguryeo, the destruction of Northern Yan. Then, Tuotuo marched to Northern Liang, where the Xiongnu had built their capital in the old Tibet. Successively conquered Xiliang and Southern Liang and other countries, with Wuwei, Zhangye, Jiuquan, Dunhuang, Xihai, Jincheng and other counties a large territory, becoming the most powerful force in the western corridor. Some countries in the West also paid tribute to him. In 439, Emperor Tuo Tuo unified the Yellow River Basin, ending a 130-year rebellion of 16 states, which had an epoch-making significance in Chinese history. This is an epoch-making significance in Chinese history.
Later, the Liu Song dynasty in the south mobilized another 400,000 troops to the north, and Wang Xuanmo was defeated by an iron cavalry led by Tuo Tao himself. The Northern Wei army fought all the way to the south, crossed the Huai River, occupied Guabu (present-day Liuhe County, Jiangsu Province), and planted its flag directly on the Yangtze River. In this way, Emperor Taiwu Tuoba expanded the territory of the Northern Wei dynasty to the largest, east to the coast, west to break Rana (now Xinjiang East), north to the desert, south to the Yangtze River, the territory included half of China. Taiwu Emperor Tuo Tuo reigned for 29 years, is the first minority emperor in Chinese history to drink the Yangtze River, its excellent military talent, in the history of China is extremely rare, he personally led the troops in every battle, therefore, he definitely called China’s ancient emperors in the rare ever-victorious general.
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culture and education
Tuoba himself is simple and frugal in life, rigid self-discipline, straightforward and frank, after leading the army to break the capital of the Great Xia State, Tengwan City, Tuoba saw the summer palace opulence, could not help but lament: “vertical son of the country, how dare to abuse the people’s power so much! How can it not perish! “
Later, a group of ministers to advise, hoping that Emperor Taiwu can be rebuilt Tuanwan City, and decorate the palace of Northern Wei. Tuoba did not think so and retorted: “The ancients said well: ‘Virtue is in the virtue, not in the danger.’ Hierarchy built such a strong and unparalleled city, but in the end, I was not attacked and destroyed the country? Now the world has not been pacified, I need more manpower to fight in the battlefield, rather than mobilize the people to build houses and walls. “
In the practice of ruling, Emperor Tuoba also gradually realized that to maintain and consolidate his rule, not only need martial arts, but also need “cultural education”, that is, through the propagation of rites, music and law to transform the people. Emperor Taiwu proposed “laying down the arms and cultivating literature”. He advocated Confucianism, using the knowledge and experience of Han intellectuals to rule the country and secure the state. Once, Tuoba went to the west of the river for hunting, and Gubi, the minister of Shang Shu, stayed in Pingcheng. Tuoba gave an edict for Gubi to give the fat horses to the hunting cavalry, but all Gubi provided were thin horses. Tuoba was furious. Gubi’s subordinate officials were terrified, fearing that they would be killed by implication. But Gubi said: “I am a minister, the southern bandits have not been destroyed, I put the fat horses for the army, thin horses for hunting, this is a long-term plan for the country, even if they are executed, what does it matter? “After hearing about this matter, Tuohuo sighed and said: “Such a minister, is the treasure of the country ah. “Rewarded Gubi a set of dress, two horses and ten deer.
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