A few days ago, we obtained some secret documents from the Ministry of National Defense of the Communist Party of China (CPC), which not only reveal the details of the “civil-military integration” program related to the equipment topics of the 13th Five-Year Plan of the CPC, but also reveal the real goal of “civil-military integration. The real goal of “civil-military integration” was also revealed. According to the documents, one of the priorities of the 13th Five-Year Plan is “precision guidance”.
According to Wikipedia, Precision Guided Weapons (PGW), or Precision-guided Munitions (PGM), are weapons with guidance systems that can be controlled after launch to provide hit rates and accuracy.
In addition to missiles, precision-guided weapons include more guided munitions; guidance systems that are equivalent to putting “eyes” on traditional munitions. For example, the U.S. Army’s laser-guided bombs, which debuted in Vietnam in the 1970s and made a splash in the 1991 Gulf War, left a deep impression on the Chinese military.
Depending on the working mechanism, precision guidance is usually divided into: optical guidance (such as infrared, laser guidance), inertial guidance, radio frequency guidance and composite guidance and other technologies.
The “civil-military integration” equipment project focuses on breaking through the “key technology” of precision guidance
Recently obtained the 2017 “Civil-Military Fusion Equipment Pre-Science Research and Industrialization Demonstration Project Proposal” from the Ministry of Defense of the Communist Party of China. The document lists 11 types of weapons and equipment “civil-military integration” projects, and classifies precision guidance as the first two types of projects: “new concepts, principles and technologies for precision guidance systems” and “new multi-dimensional optical imaging guidance Technology”.
The “Tiangang” 500 kg gliding extended-range satellite guided bomb displayed by the Communist Party of China (CPC) Weapons Industry Group at the 9th China International Aviation and Aerospace Exhibition (Zhuhai Airshow) in November 2012. (Web screenshot)
The reporter checked the 2017 guidelines of the “13th Five-Year Plan” Equipment Pre-Research Common Technology and Field Fund issued by the Research and Order Bureau of the Equipment Development Department of the CPC Military Commission, and confirmed the first category of “New Concept of Precision Guidance” and the second category of “Multi-dimensional Optical Guidance” in the “Demonstration Project Proposal” of the Ministry of Defense of the Communist Party of China. The second category “multi-dimensional optical imaging guidance” project, which is the 2017 field fund pre-research guide in the public projects of Article 107 ([107] Fund – 61404150301 – precision guidance system new concepts, new principles, new technology exploration) and Article 104 ([104] Fund – 61404150201 – multi-dimensional optical imaging guidance). 61404150201-New Technology for Multi-dimensional Optical Imaging Guidance).
The 2017 Field Fund Pre-Research Guide issued by the Department of Equipment Development of the Communist Party of China Military Commission
The Chinese Communist Party’s military released its annual guidance on equipment pre-research and other civil-military integration policy documents on the “All-Military Weapons and Equipment Procurement Information Network” (www.weain.mil.cn); the documents were also released on campus through major Chinese universities.
Since the “All-Military Weapons and Equipment Procurement Information Network” prohibits overseas access, the reporter downloaded the documents from the websites of Chinese universities. For example, Xi’an Jiaotong University provided a downloadable copy of the annual guidelines for equipment pre-research in its 2017 “Notice on Declaring the “13th Five-Year” Equipment Pre-research Common Technology and Field Fund 2017 Projects”; the confidential guidelines for equipment pre-research are not open to the public, so you need to check with the “Military Industry Department” and other departments on campus to obtain them. ” and other departments to inquire for access. (The original link to the “2017 Project Notice” provides a download of the public entry of the annual guide for equipment pre-research)
According to the CCP guidelines, the common technology is located in the equipment common key technology engineering research, mainly arranging the expected technology maturity level 4 to 6 key technology research; field fund belongs to the equipment applied basic research category, mainly arranging the expected technology maturity level 3 and below the basic and innovative projects. Area fund is divided into key projects and general projects, key projects research cycle of three years, general projects research cycle of two years.
According to public information on the Internet, the field of weapons and equipment research is the focus of the CPC’s military-civilian integration development. The Chinese Communist Party’s military implements program management for equipment research, which mainly includes pre-research and model development. Military equipment pre-research (referred to as equipment pre-research) refers to the research activities conducted in advance for the development of military equipment, with a general technical maturity level of 6 or less.
The CCP’s New Guidance Concept Civil-Military Integration Project describes the current domestic status as well as the project objectives.
In the 2017 Proposal of the Ministry of Defense of the Communist Party of China, the first category of equipment pre-research and industrialization demonstration project, New Precision Guidance Theory, describes in the “Significance of the Project” that “precision guidance plays a pivotal role in modern warfare and aviation, space and maritime defense equipment” and has become “an important means for some developed countries to strengthen their economic and military advantages.”
The document states that the significance of the development of the project is to “break through the key technologies of precision-guided weapons informatization, focusing on the development of multi-mode and composite guidance technologies, combined guidance technologies such as Jetlink inertial guidance and astronomical and satellite navigation”.
The project also proposes a specific industrialization program.
Precise guidance civil-military integration project wants to enhance the attack power of the Communist Party’s military
The “New Doctrine of Precision Guidance” project first analyzes the precision guidance systems of the United States and the European Union, saying that the United States focuses on building a new joint navigation system combining the Global Positioning System (GPS), the Inertial Navigation System (INS) and the Astronomical Navigation System (CNS), while the European Union relies on the military power of the United States, and also seeks to establish an offensive and defensive system built by the autonomous “Galileo” navigation and positioning system.
The paper highlights the U.S. Army’s Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM) as a representative of information-based munitions that have performed well in combat in Kosovo and Iraq.
The document also describes the U.S. military’s use of laser-guided devices to modify conventional unguided bombs to form more cost-efficient weapons, as well as Germany’s “Aphodes” submunitions (AFDS), France’s “Smarter” destructive munitions, and Russia’s “Red Land” laser-guided munitions, which can rely on instructions to determine and correct ballistic trajectories to conduct precise point and surface strikes against ground targets.
A YL-5 laser-guided bomb displayed by the Communist Party of China (CPC) Weapons Industry Group at the 12th China International Aviation and Aerospace Exhibition (Zhuhai Airshow) in November 2018. (Web screenshot)
In its analysis of the domestic situation, the project noted that the CCP’s precision-guided informatization achievements are based on the same concept as foreign ones, “mainly attack munitions, relying on guidance at the end of the ballistic path to achieve precision strikes”; the Thunder-2, for example, is a laser-guided bomb converted from a 500-4 low-resistance aerial bomb.
The document disclosed that domestic research results in intelligence, information technology and other research results that can be used for long retention time relay stations, such as artillery microelectromechanical integration, microelectronics and radio frequency, thick film composite sensing array, as well as intelligent array, intelligent sensing system and passive radar, new materials, functional materials research advanced technology results, can be used as the CPC “precision guidance research technology support.
The CCP’s new guidance concept civil-military integration project introduces the current situation in China and the objectives of the project.
The project document presents the “core objective of the new guidance concept” – to design “the only domestic and foreign precision guidance system with long retention time, strong anti-jamming capability, 4.5MHZ high speed, 1m high positioning accuracy, 1×10 ^-16W detection sensitivity, 3C + GPS + inertial guidance composite positioning navigation system, while having the ability to detect, control, relay and saturation attack air-to-ground targets, multi-functional, universal new type of ammunition and development program.
The document cites the application point of the new guidance concept “can effectively change the practice of our military (especially the Navy) needing helicopters to set up intermediate guidance stations in the direction of attack in advance”, which can enhance the attacking power of the Chinese Communist Party military.
Breakthrough in Precision Guidance Key Issues the CPC Wants to Address
The paper suggests that “intelligent ballistic trajectory, route planning, reconstruction of landmark base points and astronomical navigation reconstruction during navigation, autonomous forward guidance, guidance confirmation and self-modeling network overlap correction techniques are the current new doctrine for precision guidance.”
The project sets out the research objectives: the new navigation system can use photoelectric scanning to complete the reconstruction and construction of typical landmark navigation systems, but also with astronomical navigation, constitute the battlefield environment without GPS and other navigation information under the spatial positioning system navigation, but also in the computer support can also quickly establish a multi-point measurement chain beacon system, so as to achieve precision guidance.
The paper lists the research content.
- new sensing material perception screen imaging technology; 2. new technology for wave transmission orbit angular momentum detection; 3. new technology based on acoustic/magnetic vector sensing detection; 4. new technology for complex cluster-based cooperative attack and defense confrontation for precision guidance; 5. coordinated guidance technology for underwater distributed acoustic seeking; 6. new technology for integrated design of RF/optical composite hoods and collectors.
As well, the key issues to be addressed are.
- new glass-based microbead induction material perception screen imaging, photoelectric conversion technology; 2. combined photoelectric scanning, laser scanning, infrared scanning, radio scanning (radar) to complete new landmark discovery, photoelectric imaging constitutes image analysis technology to complete new targets, new navigation sub-target construction; 3. self-setting system, transient structure landmark image guidance system and inertial guidance and astronomical combined guidance system.
The document also introduced the progress of the project, saying that “research and development works crossover, glass-based functional basic raw material test research and development has been completed. The organization of the manufacturing system, mainly by the reporting unit, is also basically constituted.”
The proposal for the “New Theory of Precision Guidance” project of the Ministry of National Defense of the Communist Party of China (MNDC) proposes a specific industrialization plan.
The document finally proposed the industrialization program, apply for the establishment of “**Special Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd.”, the leading product has two kinds, one is ultra-microscopic airborne navigation: control and communication, energy, etc., annual production of 20,000 sets of guidance systems (integrated kit); the other is the functional engineering structure: combined guidance system, annual production of 30,000 sets of guidance functional engineering body (molding manufacturing processing).
The document also provides investment calculations and benefit analysis, and lists the required data on the required production equipment, prices and technical parameters.
“Multi-dimensional optical imaging guidance” is the goal of the CPC breakthrough
The “Multidimensional Optical Imaging Guidance” civil-military integration project praised the outstanding achievements of domestic research and proposed a project goal consistent with the “New Theory of Precision Guidance”.
The second type of precision guidance project proposed by the Ministry of Defense of the Communist Party of China in its 2017 Pre-Research Project Proposal for Civil-Military Integration Equipment is a new technology for multidimensional optical imaging guidance.
According to the project description, in simpler terms, this new technology uses microbead induction and photoelectric converter technology for optical imaging guidance.
The project document begins with an analysis of related technologies in the U.S. and Europe, such as the U.S. Air Force Ordnance Research Institute, which conducted research on semiconductor imaging lidar guidance in late 1985 and demonstrated the first high-resolution semiconductor lidar system in real time in 1990.
At the same time, the paper praised “the outstanding achievements of domestic research in optical imaging,” such as the “docking eye” that helped the Shenzhou-11 spacecraft and Tiangong-2 “achieve quasi-all-weather real-time docking.
According to the project document, the goal of this project and the “New Theory of Precision Guidance” project is the same, both to develop “the only new precision guidance weapon with long retention time and strong anti-jamming capability at home and abroad”.
The new guidance technology project proposes the following research elements
- micro-bead induction, photoelectric conversion imaging technology; 2. integrated micro-lens array optical imaging guidance technology; 3. optical variable band variable resolution detection technology; 4. laser active imaging detection transmission interference suppression new technology; 5. hypersonic bomb disturbance conformal optical imaging guidance new technology.
Key issues to be addressed.
- explore the micro-bead induction, multi-dimensional optical imaging detection of multiple types of target detection and identification capabilities, new methods and technologies for the application of multi-dimensional optical imaging guidance system to adapt to complex battlefield environments and respond to new threats; 2. explore the main structure and unit composition of multi-dimensional photoelectric conversion imaging guidance system.
The project finally proposes a technical route based on low-cost functional materials – glass-based microbeads and ultra-fine hollow fibers – and two industrialization directions for multidimensional optoelectronic imaging guidance technology.
CCP promotes the development of precision guidance through military-civilian integration
A September 2018 report on civil-military integration work by the CPC’s Luoyang City, Henan Province, Office of Civil-Military Integration was also obtained earlier. The document disclosed that Luoyang City has formed a military-civilian integration industrial alliance involving more than one hundred units to promote the industrialization of military technology, including the development of the 613 Institute (Aviation Industry Optoelectronics Institute) Optoelectronics Industrial Park.
Many local governments in China have launched similar development strategies in response to Xi Jinping‘s and the CCP’s military commission’s civil-military integration policy.
China’s leading company in the field of precision guidance is “Optoelectronics” controlled by the Communist Party’s Military Weapons Industry Group, and the second-ranking military company in the field of guidance equipment is Shin Kong Optoelectronics.
In addition to these optoelectronic companies, which are directly or indirectly controlled by the Chinese Communist Party’s military, many private companies and universities have also joined the research and development of precision guidance technology under the promotion of the Communist Party’s military-civilian integration strategy.
For example, Fuzhou University, which is involved in the research and development of low-cost functional materials, as disclosed in the CCP Ministry of National Defense’s Proposal, had forwarded the equipment pre-research guidelines of the Department of Equipment Development of the Military Commission to the colleges within the university in 2017.
Fuzhou University forwarded the Department of Military Commission Equipment Development’s Equipment Pre-Research Shared Technology and Field Fund Guidelines to colleges on campus in 2017. (Screenshot of Fuzhou University’s official website)
In fact, numerous Chinese universities under the control of the CCP forward the CCP military commission’s documents related to civil-military integration, including the equipment pre-research guidelines, every year.
According to information released by the CCP Ministry of National Defense, since 2016, the Equipment Development Department of the CCP’s Military Commission has organized the Army Equipment Department, the Navy Equipment Department, the Research and Ordering Bureau of the Military Commission’s Equipment Development Department, and the Information Systems Bureau of the Military Commission’s Equipment Development Department to publish information on equipment pre-research project guidelines on the Army-wide Weapons and Equipment Procurement Information Network every year, spending billions of dollars to fund enterprises and civilian institutions such as universities to participate in the CCP’s weapons and equipment construction.
For example, the 2017 field fund pre-research guidelines mentioned in this article are open for projects 107, “New Theory of Precision Guidance,” and 104, “Multi-dimensional Optical Imaging Guidance,” both of which are eligible for 4 million yuan each.
Many Chinese universities under the control of the Communist Party of China (CPC) forward the guidelines of the Ministry of Military Equipment Development’s Common Technology and Field Fund for equipment pre-research every year.
Chinese Communist Party Steals U.S. Military Technology and U.S. Countermeasures “Civil-Military Integration”
The U.S. government has a clear understanding of and actions against the CCP’s civil-military integration.
For example, in July 2019, according to a U.S. Department of Justice announcement (link to DOJ announcement), UCLA professor Yi-Chi Shih, was convicted on June 26, 2019, of illegally exporting semiconductor chips for missile guidance applications to the Chinese Communist Party for a maximum sentence of 219 years.
In September 2020, the U.S. Department of Defense released the 2020 Chinese Communist Party Military Power Report, an in-depth analysis of the CCP’s civil-military integration policy, exposing the CCP’s acquisition of U.S. military technology through foreign investment, joint ventures and mergers, academic exchanges, and overseas students and researchers bringing back experience.
On May 29, 2020, President Trump issued an order suspending and restricting the issuance of F and J category visas related to the CCP’s military development effective June 1. This was followed by investigations and prosecutions by both the FBI and the Department of Justice.
In September 2020, the U.S. State Department stated that as of September 8, the United States had revoked the visas of more than 1,000 Chinese nationals. The Department of Homeland Security also noted that the U.S. is blocking some Chinese graduate students and researchers from obtaining visas to the U.S. to prevent them from stealing sensitive U.S. research.
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