With the widespread implementation of the CCP vaccination campaign around the world, many people have already completed the complete vaccination against the CCP virus. Is it possible to “let go” and return to normal life habits after completing the vaccination? What are the chances of re-infection with the CCP virus after vaccination? If I get infected with the CCP virus again, will it infect other people? As more and more people complete vaccination against the CCP virus, these questions are becoming a concern.
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What are the chances that someone who has completed the CCP virus vaccination will be re-infected?
Since the outbreak of the CCP virus, we have all heard of cases of secondary infection to a greater or lesser extent, some people who were re-infected with the CCP virus after having had COVID-19, and some people who were re-infected with the CCP virus after having received the CCP virus vaccine. Recently, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) set up a special website to publish data on COVID-19 “breakthrough cases. According to the CDC’s definition, a vaccine breakthrough case is a patient who has been found to have a CVC virus RNA or antigen in a respiratory sample 14 days after completing CVC vaccination.
The CDC has established a nationwide database of breakthrough cases of the CCP virus vaccine to collect as much detail as possible on breakthrough cases. Information released for the first time recently shows that more than 75 million people in the United States have completed vaccination against the CCP virus from Dec. 14, 2020, through April 13, 2021. During the same time period, the CDC received 5,814 vaccine breakthrough infections from 43 U.S. states and territories. When preliminary calculations are made based on this data, the chance of re-infection in the vaccinated population is less than one in 10,000.
Image source: CDC website
Of these vaccine breakthrough infections.
2622 (45%) were older than 60 years of age. 1695 (29%) of the vaccine breakthrough infections were asymptomatic. 396 (7%) of the breakthrough infections were known to be hospitalized, although 133 (34%) of them did not have COVID-19 symptoms or were hospitalized for non-COVID-19 reasons. 74 (1%) of the breakthrough infections died, although 9 (12%) of them did not show COVID-19 symptoms or died for non-COVID-19 reasons.
Although not a direct result of hospitalization or death due to COVID-19, patients were still classified as vaccine breakthrough cases if they had completed vaccination and were subsequently tested positive for CCLV infection.
Based on these data, the CDC notes that the CCL vaccine remains effective and that only a small percentage of those who complete vaccination will be reinfected, hospitalized, or die as a result of COVID-19. Usually the vaccine is not 100% effective, so it is not surprising that secondary infections occur in the post-vaccination population.
The CDC also notes that the actual number of breakthrough cases will be higher than the numbers currently collected because the surveillance system relies on voluntary reporting from local health departments. Moreover, not all vaccine breakthrough cases will be detected due to a lack of testing. For example, the data collected so far includes 1,695 asymptomatic infections. Often asymptomatic infections are not counted in the statistics because they do not perceive symptoms and do not voluntarily undergo CCLV testing. The discovery of these asymptomatic infections may be due to their occupational needs and other reasons for the need to be tested for the CCA virus.
Previous statistics on COVID-19 patients have shown that up to 50% of COVID-19 patients may be asymptomatic, but they may still transmit the virus to others. So is it possible that asymptomatic patients who are re-infected after vaccination could still transmit the virus to other people?
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Can re-infected patients transmit the virus to other people after receiving the C.C.V. vaccine?
Some current research on “viral load” (viral load) suggests that vaccinated individuals may be less infectious even if they are re-infected with the CCP virus, which is related to the level of viral particles they carry – viral load. correlated. Earlier studies have shown that patient viral load is associated with infectiousness. And in a study published recently in Nature Medicine, researchers in Israel found that 12 days after receiving a dose of an mRNA vaccine jointly developed by Pfizer and BioNTech, samples from patients who tested positive for the CCA virus also had significantly lower levels of viral RNA than those who did not receive the vaccine. This means that they are likely to release less virus and thus be less infectious.
However, the question that has not yet been addressed by the current study is to what level of viral particles is reduced so that no one else is infected, or what is the amount of virus needed to infect a person? But researchers have also launched clinical trials to answer these questions.
Recently, the COVID-19 Prevention Network (COVID-19) has launched a clinical trial on 21 school campuses in the United States, enrolling 12,000 students who will obtain regular nasal swab samples for CCP virus testing every 4 days for 4 months after they receive the CCP virus vaccine. Importantly, the study will also enroll up to 24,000 people in close contact with these students, who will report weekly on their health status. If students enrolled in the clinical trial are diagnosed with the CCP virus, those in close contact with them will be tested to confirm whether they are infected. This study will not only answer the question of whether patients who are reinfected after vaccination can infect others, but will also further confirm whether viral load can be used to predict infectivity.
Image credit: 123RF
Getting more people vaccinated is key to further reducing breakthrough cases
Currently, in many countries and regions of the world, the CCP virus remains widespread in the population, in which case the potential for breakthrough infections still exists, even with vaccination. In addition to social isolation and good personal hygiene, it is critical to get more people vaccinated to create herd immunity. There are many vaccines available for other diseases with similar efficacy to the CCHV vaccine, for example, vaccine efficacy against pertussis ranges from 71% to 98%, however we are not concerned about breakthrough cases of pertussis because almost everyone has been vaccinated against pertussis, resulting in a low level of prevalence of the pathogen in the population.
Until herd immunity is reached, it is still prudent for those who have completed vaccination to take steps to protect themselves and others by wearing masks and maintaining appropriate social distances.
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