Wang Jingwei
In the war against Japan led by Chairman Jiang Zhongzheng, the brave national army fought hard for the country and for the people, but the number of fake soldiers fighting for The Japanese was more than a million. The reason for the emergence of a large number of traitors during the war was complex and was caused by multiple factors. The following is an inventory of the 10 most representative traitors on the anti-Japanese battlefield to see what they did and what happened to them in the end.
1、Wang Jingwei
Wang Jingwei was born in Sanshui, Guangdong. He received traditional Education from his Family school at an early age and won the first place in the Panyu County Examinations and was admitted as a government-funded student in the Law and Politics accelerated course to study in Japan. At the Time when the bourgeois revolution was flourishing, Wang Jingwei joined the revolutionaries. He not only joined the League led by Sun Yat-sen, but also served as the head of the chapter drafting and commenting department. In 1910, he went to Beijing to bomb the Regent, but was arrested and imprisoned when the plot failed, leaving behind the poetic phrase, “I am not ashamed of my youthful head when I have drawn my sword into a fast one”.
In 1925, Wang joined Sun Yat-sen in the north and became a famous drafter and witness of Sun Yat-sen’s will. Subsequently, Wang was elected Chairman of the National Government and Chairman of the Military Commission, and Chairman of the Second Central Executive Committee of the Kuomintang, becoming the top leader of the Chinese Kuomintang.
After the outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japan, Wang shouted verbally about the war, but was always pessimistic about the war, saying, “I don’t know what the future will be like!” From the beginning of the war to the fall of Nanjing in less than half a year, Wang not only repeatedly “peace” in front of Jiang, but also wrote a dozen letters to Jiang for this purpose. With Wang as the leader, a pro-Japanese group gradually formed around him, and the “Low Profile Club” centered on Zhou Fohai became a representative group. The collusion between Wang Jingwei and Zhou Fohai led to the split of the KMT’s anti-Japanese camp and the creation of the treasonous group of defectors.
In December 1938, Wang Jingwei, Zhou Fohai, Chen Gongbo and other key members of the Wang faction fled Chungking in various ways and arrived in Hanoi, Vietnam and Hong Kong, respectively. 29th, Wang Jingwei issued a “Yan Te” in response to Japanese Prime Minister Konoha’s declaration against China. The message touted that the Japanese fascists “have no territorial claims on China and no demands for compensation for military expenses” and “will not only respect China’s sovereignty, but will follow the example of the Meiji Restoration by allowing freedom of residence and business on the mainland as a condition for the return of the concessions and the abolition of extraterritoriality so that China can complete its independence. “
On March 30, 1940, Wang’s pseudo-national government returned its capital to Nanjing, and Wang became the acting chairman and executive president of the pseudo-national government, becoming the mastermind of Wang’s pseudo-regime. On December 30, Wang and Japan signed the “Secret Treaty on Basic Relations” and the “Wang-Japan-Manchurian Joint Declaration”, which was an agreement to fully surrender to the Japanese invaders. Tao Xisheng, who participated in the negotiations, disclosed afterwards that the territory included in the terms proposed by Japan, from Heilongjiang to Hainan Island, included things from minerals down to weather, from rivers inside to territorial waters outside, and from the southeast to the northwest on the mainland, everything “was held or controlled by Japan without omission”.
After the establishment of the pseudo-government in Nanjing, Wang Jingwei, with the support of the Japanese occupation authorities, took various measures to “strengthen the national government” under the banner of the “East Asia Alliance”. To this end, Wang dissolved various party groups in the fallen areas and established the “East Asia League China General Association” to “form a broad national movement and strengthen the all-powerful institution of the Kuomintang leadership center to achieve the unification of party, government and people”; then In the fallen areas of central China, they carried out a brutal campaign of “clearing out the countryside” and rounded up various anti-Japanese forces to change the situation that the government’s orders did not leave the city gates; later, they carried out the “New National Movement” and enslaved the people in the fallen areas in the field of thought, acting as a pawn for the Japanese invaders to rule the fallen areas. After the outbreak of the Pacific War, Wang Jingwei was a member of the New National Movement.
After the outbreak of the Pacific War, Wang Jingwei tied the Nanjing pseudo-regime to the Japanese fascist chariot, declaring that he would “live and die with the Japanese invaders”, and participated in the Japanese-led “Greater East Asia Conference” to meet and ally with the heads of the Japanese puppet regimes in East Asia. At the same time, Wang Jingwei brought the politics, military, economy and Culture of the fallen areas into the so-called “wartime system” in order to cooperate with the “Great East Asian Jihad” of the Japanese invaders. Although Wang Jingwei’s actions won the hearts of the Japanese invaders, they could not save Nanjing from the doom of the collapse of the Wang False Regime.
In August 1943, Wang Jingwei suffered a recurrence of his old injury, which was diagnosed by Japanese military doctors as “multiple myeloma”, the root cause of which was the bullet that remained in his body when he was assassinated in 1935, as well as his poor state of mind due to the increasingly obvious defeat of the Japanese invaders in the Pacific War. In the following March, Wang Jingwei was secretly sent to the medical school affiliated with Nagoya Imperial University in Japan for treatment. on November 10, he died and was buried at Plum Blossom Hill in front of Ming Xiao Mausoleum in Nanjing. in January 1946, before Chiang Kai-shek returned to Nanjing, the KMT authorities instructed the engineering unit to blow up Wang’s tomb and transport his coffin with his body to be cremated elsewhere. Although Wang Jingwei’s corpse was gone, his reputation as a treasonous traitor was forever nailed to the pillar of shame in history.
The end: On November 10, 1944, at 4:00 p.m., Wang Jingwei died of multiple myeloma in Nagoya, Japan, at the age of 62.
- Chen Gongbo
Chen Gongbo, who called himself a “capable minister in a troubled world”, was a volatile figure. As a teenager, he joined his father in many activities of the secret anti-Qing party, determined to overthrow the Manchu dynasty. As a young man, he joined the Chinese Communist Party and was a delegate to the First Communist Party of China. During the Revolutionary period, he boasted himself as a leftist of the Kuomintang. After the defeat of the Revolution, he became a representative of the pro-Wang and anti-Chiang reorganization faction. After Wang and Chiang cooperated against the Communists, he became a guest of Chiang Kai-shek. After the outbreak of the War of Resistance, he followed Wang Jingwei to defect to the enemy and became the number two traitor of Wang Jingwei’s pseudo-regime. Chen Gongbo’s Life was full of political changes and he was eventually nailed to the pillar of shame in history.
Chen Gongbo, a native of Nanhai County, Guangdong Province, was born into a bureaucratic family, and in the fall of 1920, after graduating from the philosophy department of Peking University and returning to Guangzhou, he became one of the leaders of the Guangzhou Communist Group with the help of Chen Duxiu, and thus attended the First Congress of the Communist Party of China. He was expelled from the Party. After the outbreak of the Pacific War, Chen Gongbo advocated that in addition to “serving as a rearguard”, Shanghai would “serve as a part of the front in order to live and die with Japan”. Therefore, “Shanghai should be the center of the East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere and the liaison line, and become the axis of Sino-Japanese ties”. Chen Gongbo also issued a letter to the citizens of Shanghai in the name of the mayor of Shanghai, asking the citizens of Shanghai to cooperate with Japan to make sure that “comprehensive peace” could be realized as soon as possible.
At the end of March 1943, the Wang regime sent Chen Gongbo as a “special envoy” to Japan in order to realize the objective of “Sino-Japanese” joint efforts to build a new order in East Asia. On his arrival in Tokyo, Chen Gongbo told his Japanese masters, “I am willing to contribute all my human and material resources to the Great East Asian War, but I would like to join hands with your country and fight side by side, no matter what sacrifices I can make.” The Emperor of Japan awarded Chen Gongbo and the others a “Grand Order of the Rising Sun, First Class”. When Chen Gongbo left Tokyo, he said that he was “honored by His Majesty the Emperor’s favor” and the “grand hospitality” of the Prime Minister and others, and that he felt “infinitely honored”. He felt “infinitely honored” and looked completely servile. After Wang Jingwei’s death, in December 1944, Chen Gongbo acted as the “chairman” of the Wang False Regime, chairman of the Military Commission, and president of the Executive Yuan, and other important positions, gathering all the power under one roof.
On August 25, 1945, Chen Gongbo and his wife secretly left Nanking and flew to Japan, and on October 3, they were forcibly extradited back to Nanking and imprisoned in Tiger Bridge Prison. Subsequently, the High Court of Jiangsu held a public trial of Chen Gongbo in the first courtroom of Daoqian Street in Suzhou. The judge considered that Chen Gongbo should be “severely punished as a warning to traitors,” and stated in the verdict: “Chen Gongbo collaborated with the enemy and conspired against the country, and was sentenced to death.” On June 4, the Jiangsu High Court ordered Chen Gongbo to be executed in Jiangsu Prison No. 3. Chen Gongbo’s family transported his body to Shanghai and did not even dare to erect a tombstone, but quietly buried him in a cemetery.
3、Zhou Fuhai
Zhou Fuhai was originally a communist and was planning to marry Yang Shuhui. Later, due to Yang’s father’s opposition, he took Yang Shuhui to Japan again in November 1921 to study. After returning to Japan, he practically disassociated himself from the Communist Party and did not engage in any Communist work, but returned to China in 1923. Soon after, he was invited to Guangzhou to become secretary of the Propaganda Department of the Kuomintang Central Committee, and at the same time a professor at Guangdong University. Later, he saw through the CCP and eventually publicly declared his disassociation from the Communist Party.
Chiang Kai-shek had entrusted Zhou Fuhai with important duties. From 1927 to 1937, he served as a member of the Central Political Committee of the Kuomintang, the head of the People’s Training Department, the deputy director of Chiang Kai-shek’s retainer office and the head of the fifth group, and the deputy and acting head of the Propaganda Department of the Kuomintang. Unexpectedly, Zhou Fuhai later betrayed Chiang Kai-shek.
After Japan launched a full-scale war of aggression against China, Zhou Fohai and Wang Jingwei were “united by their common interests and political ideas” based on the argument that the resistance against Japan would be defeated. With strong political ambitions, Zhou Fohay joined Wang Jingwei and took him as his “spiritual leader”. In Wang’s camp, he developed and cultivated his cronies by means of money bribes and official wishes, and also set up a secret service organization and acted as its leader himself.
On March 30, 1940, the Wang Fake National Government made its debut in Nanjing. Zhou Fuhai was the main organizer of Wang’s pseudo-regime and a traitor with real power, occupying such important posts as the pseudo-finance minister, vice chairman of the pseudo-military affairs committee, secretary-general of the pseudo-central political committee, and president of the pseudo-central reserve bank. He also professed his loyalty to Wang Ching-wei: “We will live and die together, and follow each other in distress.” After Wang Ching-wei’s death, Zhou Fohai became the vice president of the pseudo-Executive Yuan and mayor of Shanghai, and bonded even more closely with Chen Gongbo.
Later, in the middle of the war, Zhou Fohai smelled that the Japanese were dying, so he abandoned his sworn “confessions” and “guarantees” to Wang Jingwei. He also arranged for agents in Chongqing to kill Li Shiqun, the head of Wang’s secret service. When the Japanese surrender was imminent, the Nanjing pseudo-regime was dissolved and Zhou Fuhai was appointed by Chiang Kai-shek as the chief commander of the Shanghai operation of the Military Commission.
What happened: A month or so later, Zhou was placed under house arrest in Chongqing and later transferred to Nanking prison, where he was sentenced to death by the Nanking High Court on November 7, 1946. On February 28, 1948, Zhou died of a heart attack in Nanjing Tiger Bridge Prison.
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